第一個(gè)最常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤是一個(gè)句子中代詞的頻繁轉(zhuǎn)換,，即所謂pronoun shift,。
典型的例子是“When one searches on the Internet， you will potentially get onto illegal websites,， which will cause negative consequences to us.”在這句話(huà)中one,，you和us未能保持一致，讓考官不知所云,。應(yīng)該修改為“When searching on the Internet,， we may potentially get onto illegal websites， which will cause negative consequences to us.”
比如學(xué)生所寫(xiě)這句話(huà)“Studying in a co-educational school， a girl may concentrate more on popular boys， which may cause ignorance of his study.”顯然,，his的出現(xiàn)與句子主語(yǔ)a girl是不相符合的,，應(yīng)該改為her。
第三種錯(cuò)誤是代詞在“數(shù)”上未能與被指代對(duì)象保持一致,。
在“Girls are easy to be persuaded to buy cosmetics,， because she always wants to be pretty.”中，主語(yǔ)是girls,，為復(fù)數(shù),，但是原因狀語(yǔ)從句中的代詞卻是she。改正的方法便是將she改為they體現(xiàn)“數(shù)”的一致,，同時(shí)將wants改為want,，實(shí)現(xiàn)從句內(nèi)部的主謂一致。最終結(jié)果為“Girls are easy to be persuaded to buy cosmetics,， because they always want to be pretty.”,。
第四種錯(cuò)誤是“格”出了問(wèn)題。
托�,？谡Z(yǔ)考試中最常見(jiàn)的情況是本該用形容詞性物主代詞(比如their),，結(jié)果誤用了代詞的主格或賓格(比如用成了they或者them)，或者在主格和賓格之間未能區(qū)分清楚(比如分不清they和them),。一個(gè)典型的例子是“Some graduates are proud of their diplomas; however,， companies regard they as nothing.”。句中regard后面應(yīng)接賓語(yǔ),，所以they應(yīng)該改為them才對(duì),。
第五種錯(cuò)誤與反身代詞的使用有關(guān)。
反身代詞表示“某人自己”,，比如“Many children are addicted to computer games and they cannot control themselves at all.”教學(xué)中筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),，學(xué)生清楚這種用法，但是不會(huì)表達(dá)“某人自己的”這個(gè)概念,，總是說(shuō)“Teenagers cannot control themselves behaviours”,。這句話(huà)中，themselves要改為their own才能體現(xiàn)出“某人自己的”這層意思,。因此,，考生在作文時(shí)要格外留意這個(gè)小點(diǎn)。