在開(kāi)始之前,，我們先來(lái)用兩道題復(fù)習(xí)一下上一篇講到的省略非重點(diǎn)：
1. Escape involves such actions as aestivation, a condition of prolonged dormancy, or torpor, during which animals reduce their metabolic rate and body temperature during the hot season or during very dry spells.
○ One way animals escape is by entering a state of extended dormancy, known as aestivation, during the hottest and driest times of year.
○ Animals can escape without using direct action, or aestivation, simply by reducing their metabolic rate and body temperature.
○ The actions that an animal uses to escape are known as aestivation, which sometimes involves a reduction in metabolic rate or body temperature.
○ When the weather is especially hot and dry, an animal may suffer from a condition known as aestivation, at which point the animal needs to escape.
碰到這種同位語(yǔ)或插入語(yǔ)很多的情況,，一定要以讀懂為主，不要糾結(jié)生詞!
2. Learning appropriate social behaviors is especially important and species that live in groups, like young monkeys that needed to learn to control selfishness and aggression and to understand the give-and-take involved in social groups. ( 舉例論證)
A. Only monkeys that have learned to control their selfish and aggressive behaviors can be involved in social groups.
B. Selfish and aggressive animals like monkeys live in groups in order to practice appropriate social behaviors.
C. Some monkeys are naturally too selfish and aggressive to understand the give-and-take of social groups, so they learn such important behaviors while young.
D. Monkeys and other social animals need to learn behaviors appropriate for their social groups.
原句中,，前面是論點(diǎn)后面是論據(jù),，學(xué)習(xí)合適的社會(huì)行為對(duì)群居物種很重要，舉猴子的例子,。
選項(xiàng)中,，D選項(xiàng)猴子和其他群居動(dòng)物需要學(xué)習(xí)behaviors，符合原句,。 A選項(xiàng)only就錯(cuò)了,，用論據(jù)代替了論點(diǎn);B選項(xiàng)in order to前后反了，是因?yàn)橐壕�,，所以才practice behaviors; C選項(xiàng)直接說(shuō)some monkeys,，跟A選項(xiàng)一樣，用例子代替論點(diǎn),，而且說(shuō)錯(cuò)了
除了直接的因果關(guān)系詞之外,，還有表示導(dǎo)致/歸因于的詞大家要非常關(guān)注!包括 be responsible for…, cause, lead to, give rise to…, contribute to…,result in等;以及表示explain的account for…。作者: 共惜年月 時(shí)間: 2017-2-7 18:10
一下子丟出這么些詞可能有些無(wú)從下手,，我們來(lái)看下具體的題目：
1. Because the medium was so prolific, in the sense that it was possible to produce a multitude of images very cheaply, it was soon treated as the poor relation of fine art, rather than its destined successor.
O Photography did not replace other fine arts because people felt the image looked cheap in relation to the other arts.
O Photography was so cheap and readily available that it could be purchased by people who were too poor to purchase fine art.
O Photography not only spread quickly but also was a cheap art form and so became true successor of fine arts rather than its poor relation.
O Photography was not considered a true art because people could use it to create many images cheaply.
原句中,，because表示因果，因?yàn)閠he medium非常prolific,，后面in the sense that (在某種意義上因?yàn)?進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充prolific,，prolific是因?yàn)閜roduce cheaply;所以它被當(dāng)成art的窮親戚,，而非繼承者(rather...than...表對(duì)比)。也就是說(shuō)：因?yàn)閙edium便宜,，所以多,，所以不被當(dāng)成fine art。
2. Importing the grain, which would have been expensive and time consuming for the Dutch to have produced themselves, kept the price of grain low and thus stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods.
○ Buying imported grain led to the Dutch demanding that other foodstuffs and consumer goods be imported.
○ Keeping the price of grain low was a primary goal of the Dutch at a time when they could not produce enough grain to provide for all their needs.
○ The demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods forced the Dutch to import grain and other products at a time when maintaining low prices was especially important.
○ Because the Dutch were able to import inexpensive grain, they had money available to create a demand for other food products and consumer goods.