囧研究：經(jīng)常發(fā)呆的人更有創(chuàng)造力,？

柳葉眉的柳葉刀

　　Humans have daydreamed for thousands of years,， and yet， these days,， spare moments are filled with using our smartphones and other devices—scrolling through social media,， listening to podcasts， responding to emails—leaving us little time to let our minds wander,。

　　人類(lèi)的白日夢(mèng)已做了數(shù)千年,，而近來(lái)，這樣放空自己的時(shí)光卻被智能手機(jī)以及其它設(shè)備占據(jù)了 — 瀏覽社交網(wǎng)站,、聽(tīng)播客,、回郵件。,。,。。,。,。留給思想神游的時(shí)間變得寥寥無(wú)幾。

　　“Daydreaming is how we access our big-picture state of mind,，” says Amy Fries,， author of Daydreams at Work。 “When you’re in a daydreaming state of mind,， you can visualise or simulate your own version of events,。“

　　“白日夢(mèng)是我們假借思緒構(gòu)建藍(lán)圖的途徑,�,！薄渡习嘁沧霭兹諌�(mèng)》的作者艾米·弗萊斯如是說(shuō),。“思緒放空的狀態(tài)幫助人們預(yù)見(jiàn)與模擬具有個(gè)人特色的事件,�,！�

　　“My most creative moments come when my brain is allowed to rest，” says Megan King,， a graphic designer,，  “But I’m addicted to my smartphone�,！�

　　“放松的大腦是我靈感的溫床,。”圖表設(shè)計(jì)師梅根·金說(shuō)道,�,！暗�我現(xiàn)在卻終日沉迷于智能手機(jī)�,！�

　　She’s not alone,。 According to Nielsen， Americans spend 10.5 hours a day consuming media,。 And UK residents are close behind at almost 10 hours a day,， according to eMarketer。

　　她的情況并非個(gè)例,。據(jù)尼爾森市場(chǎng)研究公司調(diào)查,，美國(guó)人均媒體消費(fèi)達(dá)到10.5小時(shí)。而另一家市場(chǎng)調(diào)研公司“電子營(yíng)銷(xiāo)人”的調(diào)查顯示,，英國(guó)居民的日均媒體消費(fèi)時(shí)長(zhǎng)也有將近10小時(shí),。

　　This extended screen time has made some of us uncomfortable sitting alone with our own thoughts。

　　人們盯著屏幕看的時(shí)間越來(lái)越久,，與思想獨(dú)處似乎已然令部分人渾身不自在,。

　　This may seem a small change， but its effect,， on the way our minds work and on our collective creativity， could be far-reaching,。 In fact,， it could be hindering your ability to come up with fresh， innovative ideas,。

　　你也許認(rèn)為這個(gè)變化微不足道,，但是實(shí)際上，它深刻地影響著我們的思維運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)方式與集體創(chuàng)造力,。

　　Over years of studies,， researchers found that our brain has two separate attention systems — an external one and an internal one,。 The internal attention system， which is activated during daydreaming,， is called the default network,。

　　多年研究表明，我們的大腦擁有外部和內(nèi)部?jī)蓚�(gè)獨(dú)立的注意力系統(tǒng),。白日夢(mèng)便是由俗稱(chēng)“默認(rèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)”的內(nèi)部注意力系統(tǒng)所激發(fā),。

　　“The default network is particularly active when you are thinking about yourself， thinking about the past,， thinking about the future,，” says Daniel Willingham， Professor of Psychology at the University of Virginia,。 “You can’t really have both [attention systems] active at the same time,。”

　　“人們反思自我,、回顧過(guò)去,、展望未來(lái)時(shí)，‘默認(rèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)’運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)尤為活躍,�,！备ゼ�尼亞大學(xué)的心理學(xué)教授丹尼爾·威林厄姆如是說(shuō)�,！澳銦o(wú)法同時(shí)激活兩個(gè)（注意力）系統(tǒng),。”

　　If both systems can’t be active at the same time and we’re spending 10 hours a day in one attention system,， it begs the question： what is that doing to our brains — and our ability to come up with creative ideas,？

　　那么，如果說(shuō)兩個(gè)注意力系統(tǒng)不能同時(shí)被激活,，我們卻在其中一個(gè)系統(tǒng)上每天花費(fèi)10小時(shí),，問(wèn)題就來(lái)了：這樣做對(duì)我們的大腦有何影響？它又是否會(huì)削弱我們產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)造性觀點(diǎn)的能力,？（滬江英語(yǔ)）