李克強2016達沃斯論壇致辭及語言點精析

奔跑的理想

　　在第十屆夏季達沃斯論壇開幕式上的致辭
　　中華人民共和國國務(wù)院總理 李克強
　　Address by Premier Li Keqiang at the Opening Ceremony Of the Tenth Annual Meeting of the New Champions
　　（2016年6月27日）
　　Tianjin,， 27 June 2016
　　要點：這是致辭的一般格式,，address by +人名+at 會議名
　　“達沃斯論壇“又叫“新領(lǐng)軍者年會”因此可譯為the Annual Meeting of the New Champions

　　尊敬的施瓦布主席先生，
　　尊敬的各位政府首腦,，
　　尊敬的各位貴賓,，
　　女士們，先生們：
　　Professor Klaus Schwab,，
　　Distinguished Heads of Government,，
　　Distinguished Guests，
　　Ladies and Gentlemen，

　　很高興與大家在天津再次相聚,。首先,，我代表中國政府，對夏季達沃斯論壇的召開,，表示熱烈祝賀,！對各位遠道而來的嘉賓和媒體界的朋友，表示誠摯歡迎,！
　　It‘s a great pleasure to meet you again in Tianjin,。 At the outset， I wish to congratulate,， on behalf of the Chinese government,， the opening of the Annual Meeting of the New Champions， and extend sincere welcome to all our guests coming from afar and friends from the press,。

　　分析：
　　1,， 本段屬于是“套話段”，基本上所有的致辭都會用到,，如on behalf of ,，extend sincere welcome to。

　　2,， “遠道而來的“譯為coming from afar,，這也是出鏡率很高的詞了

　　本次論壇是第10屆夏季達沃斯論壇。中國有句話叫“十年樹木”,。如果把這個論壇比作樹木的話,，經(jīng)過十年的精心培育，已是枝繁葉茂,、碩果累累,，不僅向世界展示了中國改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的歷程與成就，也為世界和中國實現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展繁榮貢獻了智慧與力量,。
　　This is the tenth Annual Meeting of the New Champions， or the Summer Davos,， as it is known,。 There is a Chinese saying which goes， “It takes ten years to grow a tree,�,！� If we could compare the Summer Davos to a tree， after ten years of careful nurturing,， it has grown into a luxuriant tree with bountiful fruits,。 It has showcased to the world the process and achievements of China‘s reform， opening up and modernization。 It has also contributed wisdom and strength to the common development and prosperity of China and the world,。

　　要點：
　　1,，“十年樹木”即“一棵樹要生長十年才能成為一棵大樹” It takes ten years to grow a tree。
　　“有句話叫”也是固定表達,，可譯為as a saying goes,，也可按文中譯法翻譯。

　　2,，“枝繁葉茂,、碩果累累”合譯作grown into a luxuriant tree with bountiful fruits，luxuriant即“繁茂的”,。

　　3,，“不僅向世界展示了中國改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的歷程與成就，也為世界和中國實現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展繁榮貢獻了智慧與力量”我們看到這句話首先會想到用not only…but also 之類的句式,，然而在口譯現(xiàn)場,，尤其是同傳，是不太可能用這個句式連接內(nèi)容如此長的兩個成分的,，因此,，通常譯為兩個分句，以保持翻譯的流暢性~

　　國際金融危機爆發(fā)以來,，各方努力應(yīng)對,，使用了各種刺激增長的政策工具。8年過去了,，世界經(jīng)濟復蘇遠不及預期,，全球貿(mào)易投資增長低迷，大宗商品和金融市場不時動蕩,，發(fā)達國家和新興經(jīng)濟體走勢分化,，地緣政治風險加大，不穩(wěn)定因素增多,。前幾天英國公投脫歐,，對國際金融市場的影響已經(jīng)顯現(xiàn)，世界經(jīng)濟新的不確定性還在增加,。在此情況下,，推動世界經(jīng)濟復蘇和各國經(jīng)濟增長，需要共同應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn),、提振信心,，共同營造穩(wěn)定的國際環(huán)境，共同尋求治本之策,。歐洲國家是中國的重要伙伴,。在新的形勢下，中方將繼續(xù)致力于維護好發(fā)展好中歐、中英關(guān)系,。我們希望看到一個團結(jié),、穩(wěn)定的歐盟，也希望看到一個穩(wěn)定,、繁榮的英國,。本屆論壇以“第四次工業(yè)革命——轉(zhuǎn)型的力量”為主題，為人們提供了新視角,，具有前瞻性和現(xiàn)實意義,。在此，我愿提出幾點看法,，與大家交流,。
　　When the international financial crisis broke out eight years ago， countries resorted to various policy tools to grapple with the crisis and stimulate growth,。 Eight years on,， recovery of the world economy has fallen far short of people‘s expectations： global trade and investment are lackluster； commodities and financial markets have experienced volatility from time to time,； growth prospects of developed and emerging economies are diverging,； and geopolitical risks and destabilizing factors are both on the rise。 Just a few days ago,， the UK voted to leave the EU in a referendum,。 This is already making an impact on the international financial markets and adding to the uncertainties in the world economy。 Against such a backdrop,， to promote world economic recovery and the growth of all economies,， we need to make joint efforts to tackle challenges， strengthen confidence,， foster a stable international environment and find solutions to address root causes of the problems we face,。 European countries are important partners for China。 Under the new circumstances,， China will continue to maintain and grow its relations with the EU and the UK,。 We hope to see a united and stable EU and a stable and prosperous UK.The theme of the forum， “the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Transformational Impact”,， offers people a new perspective and is thus forward-looking and relevant,。 Let me share with you a few thoughts in this connection。

　　要點：
　　1,，“全球貿(mào)易投資增長低迷，大宗商品和金融市場不時動蕩,，發(fā)達國家和新興經(jīng)濟體走勢分化,，地緣政治風險加大，不穩(wěn)定因素增多”主謂這幾個中文的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)在譯作英文時依舊是主謂，注意積累“低迷”“動蕩”“分化”等詞的表達~

　　2,，“前幾天英國公投脫歐,，對國際金融市場的影響已經(jīng)顯現(xiàn)，世界經(jīng)濟新的不確定性還在增加,�,！敝械摹扒皫滋煊�國公投脫歐”在句中作主語，翻譯時需要將其名詞化,，但它其實是一句話,，因此可以把他單獨拿出來譯，之后用this或it代指來引起下面的句子,。

　　3,，“共同應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)、提振信心,，共同營造穩(wěn)定的國際環(huán)境,，共同尋求治本之策”中的“共同”譯為make joint effort to，make effort 可以作“著力于,，實施”講,，也可以加上great，persistent等形容詞變作各種意思,，它在政經(jīng)類文章中的作用就像“革命一塊磚,，哪里需要哪里搬”。

　　4,，“具有現(xiàn)實意義”=be relevant,， 這個表述我們不常見，relevant 意為“緊密相關(guān)的,，有價值的,，有意義的”~新表述要get 哦。

　　5,，“本屆論壇以“第四次工業(yè)革命——轉(zhuǎn)型的力量”為主題,，為人們提供了新視角，具有前瞻性和現(xiàn)實意義,�,！痹诠P譯中，我們一般可用with,，之后引出主語和主要動詞,，以顯示層次性。但口譯大多是順譯,，因此本句話譯作The theme of the forum,， “the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Transformational Impact”,， offers people a new perspective and is thus forward-looking and relevant。

　　綜述：注意口譯文和筆譯的區(qū)別~

　　第一,， 推動世界經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定復蘇,，需要積極實施結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。解決世界經(jīng)濟深層次矛盾和問題,，既要加強需求管理,，又要著力推進結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，以消除“病灶”,。各國情況不盡相同,，總的方向是針對經(jīng)濟失衡，重點推進財政金融改革,，放松管制,，促進競爭，支持創(chuàng)新,，擴大開放,，協(xié)力促進世界經(jīng)濟強勁、可持續(xù),、平衡增長,。
　　First， to promote steady recovery of the world economy,， we must actively carry out structural reform,。 To address the deep-seated problems in the world economy， we need to both strengthen demand management and advance structural reform to eliminate the root causes that trigger problems,。 Countries may face different situations,， yet they should all move toward addressing economic imbalance by way of promoting fiscal and financial reform， easing regulation,， facilitating competition,， supporting innovation and expanding opening up， and should all work together to ensure strong,， sustainable and balanced growth of the world economy,。

　　要點：
　　1， 開頭的兩大講措施的長~句~都是典型的無主句,，政經(jīng)類一般增主語we,，（具體例子參照政府工作報告）

　　2， “病灶”即“感染疾病的主要部位”此處譯者譯為root causes that trigger problems,，是按“根源”理解的,，似乎不是很準確，可按“重大問題”譯,。

　　3,， “總的方向是…”并沒有譯作the main direction is… 而是 譯為動詞詞組move all towards,，值得我們學習和借鑒，積累同一短語的不同表述是很重要的,。

　　4， “協(xié)力促進…”譯為all work together to ensure…ensure 這個詞也是神通廣大了,，既可以用作“保證,，確保”,，也可以像這句話一樣用于過渡,。

　　第二，推動世界經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定復蘇,，必須加快經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級,。全球經(jīng)濟擺脫困境，最終要靠轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式,，加快新舊動能轉(zhuǎn)換,。世界新一輪科技革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)變革孕育興起，為此提供了歷史性機遇,。一大批引領(lǐng)性,、顛覆性新技術(shù)、新工具,、新材料的涌現(xiàn),，有力推動著新經(jīng)濟成長和傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級。各方應(yīng)因勢利導,，把政策著力點放在支持經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級上,，增強經(jīng)濟發(fā)展新動力。
　　Second,， to promote steady recovery of the world economy,， we must speed up economic transformation and upgrading。 For the world economy to walk out of the woods,， the ultimate solution lies in shifting the growth model and replacing old growth drivers with new ones at a faster pace,。 The advent of a new round of technological and industrial revolution has provided a historical opportunity for this。 The emergence of new technologies,， new tools and new materials,， which are of pace-setting and transformational significance,， has given a strong boost to the growth of the new economy and the upgrading of traditional industries。 Countries should follow this prevailing trend by focusing their policies on supporting economic transformation and upgrading， and strengthen the new drivers of economic growth,。

　　要點：
　　1， 本段“加快”出現(xiàn)了兩次,，分別譯為speed up以及do sth at a faster speed，再次強調(diào)多記同義替換很重要,！
　　2， “walk out of the woods”即“擺脫困境”
　　3,， “…興起”,，“…涌現(xiàn)”都用the +抽象名詞+of的方式譯出，體現(xiàn)英語多呈靜態(tài)性的特點
　　4,， “因勢利導”=follow the prevailing trend
　　5,， By，與前面的by way of作用相似,，用做方式狀語時,，表具體做的事情，如“青島正積極應(yīng)對國際金融危機,，大力發(fā)展新能源和新材料…”譯為Qingdao is currently investing strenuous efforts to encounter the international financial crisis by promoting the emerging industry,，carrying new energy and new material…

　　當前中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的基本面沒有改變，宏觀政策也會保持連續(xù)性穩(wěn)定性,。我們將繼續(xù)創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控方式,，加力增效實施積極的財政政策，靈活適度實施穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策,，把資源更多引向有利于補短板,、增后勁、上水平的領(lǐng)域,，引向有利于促進轉(zhuǎn)型升級等新經(jīng)濟的領(lǐng)域�,，F(xiàn)在，中國政府負債率40%左右,，中央政府負債率16%左右,，在世界主要經(jīng)濟體中是比較低的，實施積極的財政政策有空間,；居民儲蓄率高,，發(fā)展多層次資本市場潛力大，完善金融調(diào)控手段,、優(yōu)化金融資源配置有很大余地,，可以創(chuàng)造條件，運用市場化,、法治化方式逐步降低企業(yè)杠桿率和融資成本,。我們不僅有足夠的政策工具保持經(jīng)濟運行在合理區(qū)間，而且有充分的能力防范住系統(tǒng)性區(qū)域性風險,。在調(diào)整轉(zhuǎn)型時期,，中國經(jīng)濟增長短期難免有波動起伏，但不會出現(xiàn)“硬著陸”,，我們能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)全年經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展主要預期目標,。
　　The fundamentals of the Chinese economy have remained unchanged,， and our macro policies will maintain continuity and stability。 In the meantime,， we will continue to innovate means of macro control,， implement the proactive fiscal policy with greater intensity and efficiency， and carry out the prudent monetary policy in a flexible and appropriate fashion,。 We will channel more resources into areas that help strengthen weak links,， increase the momentum of development and take development to a higher level， as well as into areas of the new economy that serve to promote economic transformation and upgrading,。 The current debt ratio for the Chinese government is around 40 percent， and is only around 16 percent for the central government,， lower than many other major economies,。 This has given us space for a proactive fiscal policy。 A high savings rate in China means huge potential for the development of multi-tiered capital markets,。 It also means major leeway for improving financial regulation methods and financial resource allocation,。 We are in a position to create conditions to gradually lower corporate leverage ratio and financing costs in a market-based and law-based manner。 We not only have sufficient policy tools to keep economic performance within the reasonable range,。 We also have strong ability to prevent systemic or regional risks,。 In the stage of transition， short-term fluctuations of economic growth are hardly avoidable,， but the Chinese economy will not head for a “hard landing”,。 And we will be able to achieve the main economic and social development targets set for this year。

　　要點：
　　1,，“加力增效” with greater intensity and efficiency,，為了保持句式的靈活性，翻譯中的狀語可以譯為多種形式,，比如本例中的with+名詞,，也可譯為副詞或轉(zhuǎn)譯為形容詞，如“準確譯出…”=give an accurate translation of…

　　2,，“靈活適度”依舊后置譯為in a flexible and appropriate fashion,，in也是翻譯狀語的一把好手~

　　2，” 積極的財政政策”,，”穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策”都是翻譯必背詞匯,，這里不多說了，背吧騷年們~

　　3,，channel在政經(jīng)類文章的翻譯中也是很常見的“多用途詞“如
　�,、佟敝�力��= channel great effort into， take great pains to,， concentrate one‘s efforts on
　�,、谡{(diào)撥 （錢,、資源） ： channel funds to the poor countries
　　③集中 （精力,、情感） ： Most of his energy was channeled into writing,。
　　④傳送：Women are likely to be channeled into jobs as teachers or nurses

　　此外作名詞時,，它還可做“渠道,，途徑“講，因此看到”將…引向“時,，channel是個不錯的選擇哦

　　4,，“居民儲蓄率高，發(fā)展多層次資本市場潛力大”可按“居民儲蓄率高,，意味著潛力大”來翻譯,，領(lǐng)導人講話中很多都是典型的中式表達，翻譯時要找清短句間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,。

　　5,，be in the position to do 意為“有能力能夠做某事”等于下文的have （strong） ability to和be able to，這些同義替換詞都是值得積累的,，其反義表達為be in no position to do文學翻譯中常用~

　　綜述：本段經(jīng)濟類術(shù)語很多,，小編只是就翻譯表達和政經(jīng)類常用詞進行分析，其他還是需要大家拿起筆記記記~

　　中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展?jié)摿Υ�,、�?yōu)勢足,、空間廣，前景光明,。我們有9億多勞動力,，其中1.7億多受過高等教育或有專業(yè)技能，每年大學畢業(yè)生700多萬,，中職畢業(yè)生500多萬,。科技人員數(shù)量世界第一,，研發(fā)投入世界第二,，去年投入的資金1萬多億元。中國是世界第二大經(jīng)濟體,、第一制造大國,，還是貨物貿(mào)易和服務(wù)貿(mào)易大國、吸收外資和對外投資大國,。中國也是世界第二大消費市場,，中等收入群體數(shù)以億計并日益擴大，農(nóng)村貧困人口逐年減少，城鎮(zhèn)常住人口每年增加上千萬,。這是一個世界上最具增長潛力的新興大市場,，也是各方人才能夠充分發(fā)揮智力潛能、投資興業(yè)的大舞臺,。我們對中國經(jīng)濟,，不論是當前還是未來，都持樂觀態(tài)度,。樂觀是充滿信心的表現(xiàn),，在市場經(jīng)濟條件下，信心引導預期,，本身就是巨大的力量,。
　　Looking ahead， the Chinese economy has huge potential,， strong advantage,， broad space and bright prospect。 China has a 900 million strong workforce,， among whom 170 million have received higher education or training in professional skills。 Every year we produce over seven million college graduates and over five million graduates from secondary vocational schools,。 We are No.1 in the world in terms of the number of science professionals and No.2 in R&D input,， with an input of over RMB 1 trillion made last year。 China is the second biggest economy,， the largest manufacturing country,， a major trading nation in goods and services， and a major destination and source of foreign investment,。 It is also the world’s second largest consumer market,。 Its middle-income population is in the hundreds of millions and is still expanding。 The number of the rural poor is falling year by year,， while that of permanent urban residents is growing by over 10 million each year,。 All these make China a major emerging market with the biggest growth potential。 It makes China a big stage where people from every corner could tap into their intellectual potential and start their business,。 We are optimistic about the current state and future prospect of the Chinese economy,。 Optimism is a sign of confidence， and in market economy conditions,， confidence guides people’s expectations,。 This in itself generates powerful strength。

　　要點：
　　1,，“…潛力大,、優(yōu)勢足、空間廣，前景光明”譯為…h(huán)as huge potential,， strong advantage,， broad space and bright prospect，是典型的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)偏正結(jié)構(gòu)的手法~

　　2,，“其中”,，用among/of +關(guān)系代詞，譯為從句,，也是很常見的手法,，如：
　　① 中國菜歷史悠久,，流派眾多,，主要代表有‘八大菜系’“=With a long history ，Chinese cuisine has a number of different generes,， the main of which are “Eight Cusines”,。
　　② 今年保障性安居工程新安排 740 萬套,，其中棚戶區(qū)改造 580 萬套,，增加 110 萬套，= This year,， our plan includes building an additional 7.4 million units of government-subsidized housing,， of which 5.8 million are to be located in rundown urban areas， an increase of 1.1 million over last year,。

　　3,，“中國是世界第二大經(jīng)濟體、第一制造大國,，還是貨物貿(mào)易和服務(wù)貿(mào)易大國,、吸收外資和對外投資大國�,！弊g為China is the second biggest economy,， the largest manufacturing country， a major trading nation in goods and services,， and a major destination and source of foreign investment,。為了避免重復用詞，譯者將“貨物貿(mào)易和服務(wù)貿(mào)易大國”進行了合并翻譯,，將“吸收外資和對外投資大國靈活譯為distination 和 source,，這些都是以良好的詞匯功底為基礎(chǔ)的

　　4，“中等收入群體數(shù)以億計并日益擴大,，農(nóng)村貧困人口逐年減少,，城鎮(zhèn)常住人口每年增加上千萬”和“這是一個世界上最具增長潛力的新興大市場,，也是各方人才能夠充分發(fā)揮智力潛能、投資興業(yè)的大舞臺”具有隱含的因果關(guān)系~因此譯為It makes…,，筆譯時譯為which makes…也可以

　　綜述：找關(guān)系找關(guān)系找關(guān)系,，是應(yīng)對中式表達的最基本法則。

　　女士們,、先生們,！
　　Ladies and Gentlemen，

　　中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展正處于新舊動能接續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換,、經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級的關(guān)鍵時期,。我們將堅持發(fā)展第一要務(wù)，堅持穩(wěn)中求進工作總基調(diào),，落實創(chuàng)新,、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色,、開放,、共享的發(fā)展理念，實行宏觀政策要穩(wěn),、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策要準,、微觀政策要活、改革政策要實,、社會政策要托底的總體思路,，在適度擴大總需求的同時，堅定不移推進供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革,，抓好去產(chǎn)能、去庫存,、去杠桿,、降成本、補短板,，推動發(fā)展從過度依賴自然資源轉(zhuǎn)向更多依靠人力人才資源和創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動,，使中國經(jīng)濟保持中高速增長、邁向中高端水平,。
　　The Chinese economy is at a crucial stage of transition from old to new growth drivers and a stage of economic transformation and upgrading,。 We will focus on development as the top priority and promote steady progress as we pursue innovative， coordinated,， green,， open and shared development。 We will ensure that the government’s macro policies are stable,， industrial policies are well-targeted,， micro policies are flexible， reform policies are solid and social policies meet people’s basic needs。 While appropriately expanding aggregate demand,， we will steadfastly advance supply-side structural reform,， concentrate on cutting overcapacity， reducing inventory,， deleveraging,， lowering costs and strengthening weak links， so that China’s development could be less reliant on natural resources and be more driven by human resources and innovation,。 This will enable the Chinese economy to maintain medium-high growth rates and move to medium-high development levels,。

　　要點：
　　1，“處于…時期”=at a （crucial） period/stage of

　　2,， “堅持發(fā)展第一要務(wù)”即“堅持發(fā)展為第一要務(wù)”= focus on development as the top priority
　　這個已然成為一個固定表述了~

　　3,，“實行宏觀政策要穩(wěn)、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策要準,、微觀政策要活,、改革政策要實、社會政策要托底的總體思路”這句乍看不好譯,，其實他只透露了一個意思即“我們要做好以下工作,，保證宏觀政策穩(wěn)定，產(chǎn)業(yè)政策準確,，微觀政策靈活…”用ensure 來譯,，即We will ensure that the government’s macro policies are stable， industrial policies are well-targeted,， micro policies are flexible,， reform policies are solid and social policies meet people’s basic needs�,！巴械住奔础皾M足人民最基本的需求”

　　4,，“抓好”也是政經(jīng)類出現(xiàn)的高頻詞，通常用concentrate/focus on來表示,，如“狠抓落實”= focus on implementation

　　5,，“推動發(fā)展從過度依賴自然資源轉(zhuǎn)向更多依靠人力人才資源和創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動，”譯為so that China’s development could be less reliant on natural resources and be more driven by human resources and innovation,。此處并未將“推動“譯出,，因為“推動”也是前面措施的結(jié)果，用一個so that足以~

　　綜述：注意ensure的用法,，它政府工作報告中出現(xiàn)了幾十次,，是高頻詞中的戰(zhàn)斗機~

奔跑的理想

　　我們將以創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級。創(chuàng)新是發(fā)展的第一動力,，是供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的重要內(nèi)容,。我們要深入實施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,，加快建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家和世界科技強國，為經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級提供強大支撐,。
　　We will guide economic transformation and upgrading through innovation,。 Innovation is the primary driver of development and an important part of supply-side structural reform。 We need to further implement the innovation-driven development strategy,， and step up efforts to build an innovation-driven country and a strong country in science and technology,， so as to provide robust support for economic transformation and upgrading。

　　要點：
　　1,，“供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革“= supply-side structural reform
　　2,，“深入實施“= further implement，注意further的用法,，通常是和動詞連用~如”進一步/深入推進“=further promote

　　3,，“加快建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家和世界科技強國，為經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級提供強大支撐“后一句是前一句的目的,，用so as to 連接~

　　加快發(fā)展新經(jīng)濟,、培育新動能。我們將大力推進科技創(chuàng)新,，著力突破重大關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù),，推進創(chuàng)新成果轉(zhuǎn)化應(yīng)用。著力推動大眾創(chuàng)業(yè),、萬眾創(chuàng)新,，進一步推進“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”行動，廣泛運用物聯(lián)網(wǎng),、大數(shù)據(jù),、云計算等新一代信息技術(shù)，促進不同領(lǐng)域融合發(fā)展,，催生更多的新產(chǎn)業(yè),、新業(yè)態(tài)、新模式,，推出更加符合市場需要的新產(chǎn)品和新服務(wù),，打造眾創(chuàng),、眾包,、眾扶、眾籌平臺,，匯聚各方力量加速創(chuàng)新進程,，培育新的經(jīng)濟增長點。
　　We will accelerate the development of the new economy and cultivate new growth drivers,。 We will vigorously advance innovation in science and technology,， work for breakthroughs in major,， key technologies， and promote the commercialization of innovation results,。 We will also advocate mass entrepreneurship and innovation,， further promote the “Internet+” strategy， extensively apply the new generation of information technologies such as the Internet of Things,， big data and cloud computing,。 We will promote integrated development of different sectors and facilitate the emergence of more new industries， new forms of business and new business models,。 It is also necessary to roll out new products and services that better meet the needs of the market and build platforms for mass innovation,， crowd sourcing， collective support and crowd funding,。 This way,， we could pool strengths to accelerate innovation and cultivate new areas of economic growth。

　　要點：
　　1,，“加快“= accelerate/speed up
　　”培育“= cultivate/nurture
　　”大力推進“= vigorously advance（本段出現(xiàn)了三個”推進“,，譯為advance /promote
　　”著力“=work for +名詞（通常用work to do）

　　2，催生=facilitate
　　推出=roll out

　　3,，”匯集各方力量“=pool strengths to

　　綜述：本段主要是各種表達的積累,，上述表達都是政經(jīng)類的“常客”,，其同義替換也應(yīng)牢記

　　加快改造提升傳統(tǒng)動能,。創(chuàng)新之新，不光是發(fā)展新經(jīng)濟,，也包括對傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造提升,，使其不斷煥發(fā)新的生機和活力。我們將深入實施《中國制造2025》,，推進制造業(yè)信息化,、智能化改造，圍繞滿足消費者多樣化需求開展個性化定制,、柔性化生產(chǎn),，加快生產(chǎn)、管理,、營銷模式變革,，重塑產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、供應(yīng)鏈,、價值鏈,，提高中國制造綜合競爭力。
　　We need to transform and upgrade traditional drivers of growth at a faster pace,。 Innovation is not only about developing the new economy,。 It is also about transforming and upgrading traditional industries to give them new vitality,。 We will implement the Made in China 2025 initiative to make manufacturing more IT-based and smarter。 We will conduct custom-tailored and flexible production to meet consumers’ diverse needs,。 We will accelerate changes in models of production,， management and marketing and create new industry chains， supply chains and value chains,。 This will make Chinese manufacturing more competitive,。

　　要點：
　　1， “圍繞滿足消費者多樣化需求開展個性化定制,、柔性化生產(chǎn),，“譯為We will conduct custom-tailored and flexible production to meet consumers’ diverse needs，其中custom-tailored意為”個性化的,，量身定制的“,，這類復合詞在文中也多次出現(xiàn)，

　　2,， ”…化“譯為-based（本意為”以…為基礎(chǔ)的“）,， 文中除了本段的IT-based（信息化），還有market-based,，（市場化）和 law-based,，rule-based（法制化），此外政府工作報告中有時也用the law-based governance of the country,，表示”依法治國“,，同時翻譯”以…為載體的“也能用，如Internet-based（以互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為載體的）

　　我們倡導新發(fā)展理念,，包括共享的理念,，發(fā)展共享經(jīng)濟也是發(fā)展眾創(chuàng)經(jīng)濟。經(jīng)濟全球化深入發(fā)展和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)日益普及,，為人民群眾創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新提供了廣闊的平臺和空間,。我們將通過深入推動“雙創(chuàng)”，把精英與草根,、線上與線下,、企業(yè)與科研院所的創(chuàng)新活動融合起來，以千千萬萬市場主體的“微行為”,，匯聚成創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的“眾力量”,。充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺，高效率對接海量供需信息,，推進科技研發(fā),、專業(yè)知識,、工匠技能的合作共享,。眾創(chuàng)經(jīng)濟,、共享經(jīng)濟人人可參與、人人可受益,，有利于激發(fā)所有人的潛能,，形成合理的收入分配格局，壯大中等收入群體,，讓更多人特別是青年人通過努力實現(xiàn)人生價值,，促進社會公平正義。
　　The new vision of development that we advocate is also about developing a sharing economy,。 The sharing economy is one of mass participation,。 Greater economic globalization and the spread of the Internet have provided a big stage and broad space for entrepreneurship and innovation by the people。 Through mass entrepreneurship and innovation,， we will combine the innovation activities of the elites with the grassroots,， the on-line with the off-line， and companies with research institutes,， so that individual efforts of numerous market players will lead to greater synergy for innovation-driven development,。 If we could make full use of the Internet to efficiently match the massive amounts of information about supply with that about demand， we could then bring about cooperation among and sharing of R&D and professional expertise and skills,。 The sharing economy is something that everyone can take part in and benefit from,。 It could unleash everyone’s potential， facilitate reasonable income distribution,， expand the middle income group,， allow more people， in particular the young,， to fulfill their dreams through hard work,， and promote social equity and justice。

　　要點：
　　1,，“我們將通過深入推動“雙創(chuàng)”,，把精英與草根、線上與線下,、企業(yè)與科研院所的創(chuàng)新活動融合起來,，以千千萬萬市場主體的“微行為”，匯聚成創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的“眾力量”,�,！白g者在處理這個”多動詞句“時，將前兩個分句和后兩個分句處理為為”手段——目的“的結(jié)構(gòu),，以so that也不失為一種方法~值得參考,。

　　2，“充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)平臺，高效率對接海量供需信息,，推進科技研發(fā),、專業(yè)知識、工匠技能的合作共享,�,！坝质且欢鄤釉~句，譯為If we could make full use of the Internet to efficiently match the massive amounts of information about supply with that about demand,， we could then bring about cooperation among and sharing of R&D and professional expertise and skills,。又是將兩句處理為因果關(guān)系~

　　3，facilitate之前我們見過,，當時是做“催生“來講,，其本意為”促使，幫助“或”為…提供方便“如“實施培育外貿(mào)競爭新優(yōu)勢的政策措施,，促進加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型…”= We will implement policies and measures to enable China’s foreign trade to develop new competitive edges,， facilitate the transformation of processing trade…也是出鏡率很高的哦。

　　我們將以全面深化改革推動經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級,。我國過去30多年取得的巨大成就靠的是改革,，破解制約發(fā)展的體制機制障礙、推動經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級根本上也要靠改革,。我們將堅定不移深化改革,，更大程度激發(fā)市場活力和社會創(chuàng)造力。
　　We will enhance economic transformation and upgrading by comprehensively deepening reform,。 We have relied on reform for the remarkable achievements we made in the past 30-plus years,。 And fundamentally， we must rely on reform if we are to remove the institutional obstacles hindering development and advance economic transformation and upgrading,。 We will firmly deepen reform to unlock market vitality and social creativity to a greater extent,。

　　積極推進結(jié)構(gòu)性改革尤其是供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展面臨的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾,，供給和需求兩側(cè)都有,，主要在供給側(cè)。我們要用改革的辦法推進結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,，減少無效和低端供給,，擴大有效和中高端供給。這既有利于經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型,，也有利于促進增長,。其中很重要的就是淘汰落后產(chǎn)能、化解過剩產(chǎn)能,。重點是抓好鋼鐵,、煤炭等困難行業(yè)去產(chǎn)能，這方面近幾年已取得初步成效，原煤,、粗鋼產(chǎn)量減少,，但還要繼續(xù)加以推動，主要是通過運用市場化,、法治化手段，嚴格環(huán)保,、質(zhì)量,、安全等標準。去產(chǎn)能最大的難題是人往哪里去,。企業(yè)要采取多種措施使職工轉(zhuǎn)崗不下崗,，中央和地方政府都要對職工分流安置給予必要支持。產(chǎn)能過剩是一個全球性問題,，我們主動采取行動去產(chǎn)能,，說明中國是負責任的國家。
　　We need to advance structural reform,， in particular that on the supply side,。 The structural problems facing the Chinese economy are about both the supply and demand sides， especially the supply side,。 We need to advance structural adjustment through reform,， reduce inefficient and low-end supply， and expand effective and medium- to high-end supply,。 This is conducive to economic transformation as well as growth,。 A major task for us is to phase out outdated production capacity and address overcapacity， especially in steel,， coal and other sectors that face difficulty in operation,。 Initial progress has been made in recent years， as is shown in the lowering production of raw coal and crude steel,， but our efforts must well continue,。 We will adopt a market-based and rules-based approach and apply strict standards in environmental protection， quality and safety,。 The biggest challenge is how to address possible layoffs in this process,。 Businesses need to take multiple measures to ensure that their employees will get reemployed。 Both the central and local governments should provide necessary support to take care of the affected employees,。 Overcapacity is a global challenge,。 The fact that we have taken the initiative to cut overcapacity demonstrates that China is indeed a responsible country。

　　要點：
　　1,， phase out意為“逐步淘汰“如：Apart from a few small pollution and environmental benefits of good,， the industry will phase out in Hebei province。（除個別幾個污染小、環(huán)境效益好的企業(yè)外,，整個行業(yè)將從河北省逐步退出,。）

　　2， “人往哪里去“即”如何安置有可能下崗的人員“故譯為how to address possible layoffs in this process,。

　　3,，“轉(zhuǎn)崗不下崗“即”保證員工再就業(yè)“譯為get/be reemployed。有些政策不宜直譯,，而是要在理解的基礎(chǔ)上進行意譯~

　　4,，“要對職工分流安置給予必要支持“中的”分流安置“已經(jīng)體現(xiàn)在前面be reemployed，上了,，因此此處譯為 take care of the affected employees,。（affected employee=前面的possible layoffs）也算傳情達意了。

　　進一步推進簡政放權(quán),、放管結(jié)合,、優(yōu)化服務(wù)改革。加快轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能,、提高效能,，營造公平競爭的市場環(huán)境和激勵創(chuàng)新的制度環(huán)境。堅持“簡”字當頭,，把政府該放的權(quán)力放出去,，能取消的盡量取消、盡可能直接放給市場和社會,。同時,，加強和創(chuàng)新市場監(jiān)管。探索包容而有效的審慎監(jiān)管方式,，引導和支持新業(yè)態(tài)新模式健康發(fā)展,。對有些符合發(fā)展方向但出現(xiàn)了這樣或那樣一些問題的，要及時予以引導和糾正,，消除風險隱患,，但也不能因噎廢食，應(yīng)使之有合理發(fā)展空間,；對那些以創(chuàng)新之名行非法經(jīng)營,、欺詐詐騙之實的，要依法予以懲罰,。嚴格保護知識產(chǎn)權(quán),。大力推行“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+政務(wù)服務(wù)”，搭建開放的政府公共服務(wù)平臺,，最大限度推進政府信息數(shù)據(jù)開放共享,，便利群眾和企業(yè)辦事創(chuàng)業(yè),，提高政府服務(wù)效率。
　　We also need to further streamline administration,， delegate power,， strengthen regulation and improve services。 We need to transform government functions more rapidly,， improve efficiency,， and ensure a level-playing field for all players and a pro-innovation institutional environment。 We need to give priority to “simplicity” by taking away undue government powers and delegating them directly to the market and society wherever possible,。 At the same time,， we need to strengthen and innovate in market oversight， explore inclusive and effective prudential regulation,， and guide and support the healthy development of new business forms and models,。 For those players that follow the right direction but have encountered problems,， we need to give them prompt guidance,， fix the problems and remove potential risks。 We need to give them reasonable space for development instead of rejecting them outright,。 As for those conducting illegal operations or fraud in the name of innovation,， we will punish them to the full extent of the law。 We need to strictly protect intellectual property rights,。 We also need to promote the “Internet plus government services” model,， and set up an open platform of government public services， so that government data could be shared as much as possible,。 This will make it easier for individuals and companies to get things done and start up businesses,， and it will enhance government efficiency。

　　要點：
　　1,，” 堅持“簡”字當頭”即“把‘簡’放在首要位置”,，故譯為We need to give priority to “simplicity”

　　2，“因噎廢食”比喻要做的事情由于出了點小毛病或怕出問題就索性不去干,。此處根據(jù)上下文譯為rejecting them outright（直接拒絕）即可,。

　　3， to the full extent of sth即“最大限度地,，在盡可能范圍內(nèi)”如：
　�,、� Public Security Minister Meng Jianzhu promised that violators will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law。中國公安部長**承諾,，違法者將受到法律最大限度的追究,。
　　② So I always play it safe and assume that all source material was copyrighted to the full extent of the law,。所以,，為了不冒險,，我總是假定所有的原始資料都是受到法律規(guī)定的著作權(quán)保護的。

　　4,，This will make…也是典型的表順承的結(jié)構(gòu),，和前面所講的as a result一樣~

　　5，“辦事創(chuàng)業(yè)”= get things done and start up businesses,。

　　綜述：本段主要講“簡政放權(quán)”,，這已經(jīng)是個老熱點了，相關(guān)表達一定要爛熟于心

　　協(xié)同推進財稅,、金融,、投資等重點領(lǐng)域改革。我們已全面實施營改增,，這是一次大規(guī)模的減稅降負,，有利于現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)和中小微企業(yè)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展。深化金融體制改革,，加快完善現(xiàn)代金融監(jiān)管體制,，提高金融服務(wù)實體經(jīng)濟效率。我們還將深化國有企業(yè),、農(nóng)村,、投融資等領(lǐng)域的改革，推動社會誠信體系建設(shè),，釋放經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的更大活力,。民營經(jīng)濟是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要力量，我們將進一步消除民營企業(yè)發(fā)展的各種障礙,，取消不合理的市場準入限制,，努力激活民間投資。
　　We will promote in a coordinated way reforms in the fiscal,， taxation,， finance， investment and other key areas,。 We have put in place a nation-wide reform to replace business tax with value-added tax,。 This major effort to cut taxes and lower the tax burden will facilitate the innovative development of modern service industry， SMEs and micro businesses,。 We will deepen the reform of the financial system,， accelerate the improvement of the modern financial regulatory regime and increase the efficiency of financial services in supporting the real economy。 We will also intensify reforms in SOEs,， rural areas,， investment and financing， foster a social credit system and unleash even greater vitality for economic development,。 The private sector is an important force driving economic development,。 We will do more to remove obstacles for private businesses,， lift unreasonable restrictions on market access and strive to stimulate private investment。

　　要點：
　　1,，“協(xié)同推進”= promote in a coordinated way

　　2,，“實施”=put in place這個表述不常見到，用慣了implement,，conduct等詞,，這個詞也是讓人耳目一新~如：Traders fear that the austerity measures being put in place in many euro zone countries will hit growth。交易商擔心的緊縮措施正在付諸實施,，在許多國家將打擊歐元區(qū)經(jīng)濟增長,。

　　3，”全面“這個詞,，此處譯為nation-wide,，身為一個高頻詞，它必然也是有很多替換詞的,，如Fully,，comprehensively， across the board ,，in all respects,，

　　4,，本段出現(xiàn)兩次“深化改革“,，分別用了動詞deepen和intensify reforms in/of

　　5，進一步做某事=（we will）do more to…

　　綜述：本段是“財稅類“,，”營改增“之類的詞都是政經(jīng)類的”老詞“了~

　　我們將以開放助推經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型升級,。開放也是改革，而且會倒逼改革,。中國無論發(fā)展到什么階段,，都需要與世界各國取長補短、互學互鑒,，對外開放的大門會越開越大,。我們將進一步提高開放型經(jīng)濟水平，擴大服務(wù)業(yè)和一般制造業(yè)開放,，為外商提供更多投資機會,，營造更加公平、透明,、可預期的投資環(huán)境,。只要是在中國注冊的企業(yè)，無論是中資還是外資,，無論是合資還是獨資,，我們都一視同仁,，切實保障他們的合法權(quán)益，提供更好的公共服務(wù),。面對當前國際金融市場撲朔迷離的波動,，我們將堅持以市場供求為基礎(chǔ)、參考一籃子貨幣進行調(diào)節(jié),、有管理的浮動匯率制度,。中國經(jīng)濟的基本面決定了人民幣不存在長期貶值的基礎(chǔ)，我們有能力保持人民幣在合理均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定,。中國將堅定不移走和平發(fā)展道路,，堅持互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，愿與各國一道共同推動包容平衡增長,、綠色可持續(xù)發(fā)展,。
　　We will transform and upgrade the economy through opening-up。 Opening-up,， being one kind of reform itself,， will in turn spur reform efforts。 No matter how developed China will become,， it will always need mutual-learning with the rest of the world,， and it will open still wider to the outside。 We will enhance our open economy,， open wider the service sector and general manufacturing sector,， provide more investment opportunities to foreign businesses and foster a fairer， more transparent and predictable investment environment,。 All companies registered in China,， Chinese-funded， foreign-funded,， joint ventures or independently-owned,， will be treated as equals。 Their legitimate rights and interests will be protected,， and they will have access to better public services,。 Facing the current complexities and fluctuations in the international financial markets， China will adhere to a managed,， floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies,。 The fundamentals of the Chinese economy determine that there is no basis for persistent depreciation of the RMB。 We have the capacity to keep the RMB basically stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level,。 China is committed to peaceful development and a win-win strategy of opening-up,。 We stand ready to work with all other countries to promote inclusive and balanced growth as well as green and sustainable development。

　　要點：
　　1,，“倒逼“即”反過來刺激“,，譯為in turn spur

　　2,，“取長補短、互學互鑒“= the mutual-learning with the rest of the world

　　3,，“無論…無論…”=…or…,，…or…

　　4， “面對當前國際金融市場撲朔迷離的波動,，我們將堅持以市場供求為基礎(chǔ),、參考一籃子貨幣進行調(diào)節(jié)、有管理的浮動匯率制度,�,！弊g為Facing the current complexities and fluctuations in the international financial markets， China will adhere to a managed,， floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies,。其中“以…為基礎(chǔ)”譯為based on…，”以…為參考“=with reference to…

　　5,，equilibrium=平衡的,，均衡的=balanced

　　女士們，先生們,！
　　Ladies and Gentlemen,，

　　天津是一個世界大港，從這里可以走向浩瀚的海洋,。巨輪遠航,，需要持久強勁的動力。我們愿與世界各國一道,，緊緊抓住新一輪科技和工業(yè)革命的機遇,，共同打造經(jīng)濟增長新的發(fā)動機,，推動世界經(jīng)濟在轉(zhuǎn)型升級中實現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定復蘇,，共創(chuàng)人類社會發(fā)展更加美好的明天！預祝本屆論壇圓滿成功,！

　　Tianjin is a big port in the world,， where people could start a voyage to sail to the vast ocean。 For a giant ship to sail far,， sustained and strong driving force is needed,。 China will work with other countries to seize the opportunities brought by the new round of technological and industrial revolution。 Together,， we will build new engines of economic growth,， promote steady recovery of the world economy through transformation and upgrading， and jointly usher in a better future for the development of mankind,。 I wish this forum a full success,。

　　要點：
　　1,，①“同…一道做某事”譯為work with sb to do，
　�,、凇肮矂�(chuàng)”其實也是“同…一起創(chuàng)造,，一同創(chuàng)造”的意思，用jointly~
　�,、邸惫餐�打造��(jīng)濟增長新的發(fā)動機“中的”共同“是采用將together單獨作狀語來翻譯的~
　　2,，“預祝…成功“為固定表達=wish …a full success（滬江英語）