死亡 我們中國人通常都很忌諱說"死"這個字,,古代按照等級的劃分有"天子死曰崩,諸侯死曰薨,,大夫死曰卒,,士曰不祿,庶人曰死"的說法,,現在我們會說一個人"離開了我們"、"走了"等,。英語同樣忌言"死",,雖然有die這個詞,但口語中人們一般不用 die來直說死亡,。 pass away和pass on都是暗指過世,。例:Sadly, Georgia's uncle passed away yesterday after a short illness(真?zhèn)模瑔讨蝸喌氖迨遄蛱斓昧艘粓黾辈∪ナ懒?,;I'm sorry to learn that your dear mother has just passed on(很遺憾聽到你媽媽剛剛去世的消息),。 lose one's life一般指由于意外事故、戰(zhàn)爭等不可抗力而造成的死亡,,為意外死亡,。例:How did he lose his life(他是怎么死的)? depart也是死亡的委婉說法,,主要用于短語depart this life/depart this earth,,意思是靈魂離開了肉體的存在去往另一個世界了。例:He departed this world with a sense of having fulfilled his destiny(他帶著一種已完成使命的滿足感離開了這個世界),。 expire的意思是呼氣,,這里引申為呼出最后一口氣,暗指死亡,。例:The patient expired early this morning(這位病人今天早晨去世了),。 perish多指非自然死亡。例:Many soldiers perish in battle(很多士兵死于戰(zhàn)爭),。 go to meet one's Maker也是死亡的委婉說法,,注意這里Maker要大寫,,是造物主的意思,去見造物主了就是死了,。例:He knew that he came into the world with nothing and that he would go to meet his Maker with empty hands(他知道他是一無所有地來到世上,,也將會兩手空空地離開人間)。 其他英語中常用的"過世"的委婉說法還有: His time has come. He has climbed the golden staircase. He is sleeping the final sleep. He is resting in peace. He has breathed his last. He answered the last number. He has joined the angels. 英語的委婉,,你懂嗎?
懷孕 英語中直接表達懷孕的詞是pregnant,,不過在大多數情況下,對于女性"懷孕"也不會直接說"pregnant"這個字,,而是繞著彎子說,,好比中文里我們用"有了"來指代"懷孕"。 英語里談到懷孕可以這樣說:She is "expecting"(她在"待產"中),;She is "in a delicate condition"(她正"懷孕中"),;She is "well-along"(她"心滿意足");She is about to have a "blessed event"(她不久會有"喜事");She is about to be "in a family way"(她不久就要走向"家庭之路"),;She is six months gone(她已有六個月的身孕),;She has a bun in the oven(她身懷六甲)。 還可以使用這些表達: a mother-to-be eating for two lady-in-waiting to have a hump in the front to have one on the way to learn all about diaper folding to wear the apron high waiting for the patter of little feet with child (注意:沒有冠詞) 另外,,雖然同是"懷孕",, 但未婚的女性在不希望的情形下懷孕時,就說:She is "in trouble"(她"有了麻煩"),。
內急 直接說"我要上廁所"似乎也沒什么,,但總讓人覺得有點不夠文雅,尤其是對女生來說,。在中文里,,我們有不少這方面的委婉說法,比如"方便一下",,"去洗手間"等等,,在英文中,這類委婉語也是很多的,。 比如,,to wash one's hand(去洗手或凈手)、to powder one's nose(給鼻子搽粉,,女士用語),、to spend a penny(花一個便士)、to go and see one's aunt(去見阿姨),、to pay a call(拜訪),、to relieve or to relieve nature(去空身)、to go somewhere(到什么地方去一下),、to answer the call of nature or to answer nature's call(響應自然的召喚),、to have a BM(=bowel movement大便)等,。在一個聚會或其他活動中,還可以用Will you excuse me for a few minutes?(請讓我離開一會兒好嗎,?)學生上著課要去廁所,,也可以說May I be excused?(我可以離開嗎?)有時個別年紀大的女士在這種情況下還會說:I need to make a pit stop,。其實pit stop是指在賽車過程中,,賽車在途中緊急停留加油、維修的地方,�,?磥恚齻兛隙▽⒔鉀Q問題看作是一種"緊急維修"了,。
大姨媽 漢語中女人來月經有很多委婉表達,,比如,來例假了,,大姨媽來了,,好朋友來了。英語中月經也有很多委婉說法,,其中還有個說法和中文中的"大姨媽來了"很像,,Aunt Flo's in town (弗洛姨媽來城里啦),這里Flo玩了個文字游戲,,暗指flow,,也就是每個月的"流血事件",。其他委婉說法還有:The Curse (詛咒),,Girl Time (女孩時間), Lady Days (女性日子),,My Monthly (我的月事兒),,My Little Visitor (我的小客人)以及That Time of the Month (每個月那幾天)。男性經常粗魯地稱處于生理期的女性正在On the Rag (戴著破布),。(中國日報網) |