英語翻譯：個(gè)別詞語在具體語境中的翻譯

浮躁2013

在復(fù)習(xí)考研英語翻譯中,，跨考教育提醒考生要注意個(gè)別詞語在具體語境中的翻譯。接下來,，跨考教育英語教研室付老師就為考生詳細(xì)講解個(gè)別詞語在具體語境中的翻譯技巧,。

一、一詞多義

①根據(jù)詞在句中的詞類來選擇詞義

The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.【1991】

分析：market n.市場, 行業(yè), 需求;v.買,，賣或銷售,。

參考譯文：食品供應(yīng)無法跟上人口增長的步伐，這就意味著我們在糧食生產(chǎn)和營銷方面正陷入一場危機(jī),。

②根據(jù)上下文和詞在句中的搭配關(guān)系選擇詞義

Explosive technological development after 1990 gave the medical profession enormous power to fight disease and sickness.

參考譯文：1990年以來,，隨著技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展，醫(yī)學(xué)界大大提高了對抗疾病的能力,。

③根據(jù)可數(shù)或不可數(shù)來選擇詞義

不可數(shù)——

After their interview, he compares not their experience, but their statistics…

參考譯文：面試以后,，他并不比較他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而是比較他們的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字,。

可數(shù)——

Our journey to Tibet was quite an experience.

參考譯文：我們的西藏之旅真是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷,。

二、熟詞生義

①account n.價(jià)值,，地位,，重要性

Is it true that the American intellecual is rejected and considered of no account in his society?【2006翻譯中一句話】

美國社會(huì)，知識(shí)分子遭到排斥,，沒有社會(huì)地位,，這是真的嗎?

②approach 著手處理→研究

I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.

我之所以把普通科學(xué)家排除在外，是因?yàn)楸M管他的成就也許有助于解決道德問題,，但是他承擔(dān)的任務(wù)只不過是研究那些問題的事實(shí)方面,。

③immediate a.直接的，最接近的

But a decision among projects none of which has immediate utility is more difficult.【1996翻譯中一句話】

但是在沒有直接效用的項(xiàng)目中做出選擇就難多了,。

④code n.法典,，法規(guī)，準(zhǔn)則

But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.【2006翻譯】

但是,，普通科學(xué)家的首要任務(wù)不是思考約束其行為的道德準(zhǔn)則,，正如人們不會(huì)期望商人致力于商業(yè)行為準(zhǔn)則的探索一樣,。

⑤be parallel to 與...類似

On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.

另一方面，類似于新聞?dòng)浾呙刻煸趫?bào)道和評論新聞時(shí)會(huì)與生活建立起聯(lián)系,，法律把這些概念與日常實(shí)際聯(lián)系起來,。(騰訊教育)