Post-truth當(dāng)選牛津詞典年度詞匯

柳葉眉的柳葉刀

'Post-truth' declared word of the year by Oxford Dictionaries

到了年底,，各類年度詞匯評(píng)選都開始宣布結(jié)果。此前,，我們報(bào)道過,，Brexit（英國脫歐）被選為柯林斯詞典的2016年度詞匯。昨日,，牛津詞典宣布其2016年度詞匯為post-truth（后真相）,，單獨(dú)發(fā)布的英美年度詞匯也是這個(gè)詞。今年進(jìn)入牛津詞典年度詞匯候選的還包括adulting,，Brexiteer,，glass cliff等。

Oxford Dictionaries has declared "post-truth" as its 2016 international word of the year, reflecting what it called a "highly-charged" political 12 months.
《牛津詞典》宣布post-truth（后真相）為2016年度詞匯,，這個(gè)詞反應(yīng)了這一年政治領(lǐng)域“高度緊張”的狀態(tài),。

It is defined as an adjective relating to circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than emotional appeals.
詞典將post-truth定義為形容詞，描述的是客觀事實(shí)對(duì)公眾意見的影響沒有感性訴求產(chǎn)生的影響大這樣一個(gè)狀況,。

Its selection follows June's Brexit vote and the US presidential election.
這個(gè)詞當(dāng)選是拜6月份英國脫歐公投和美國總統(tǒng)大選所賜,。

Oxford Dictionaries' Casper Grathwohl said post-truth could become "one of the defining words of our time".
《牛津詞典》的Casper Grathwohl表示，post-truth或?qū)⒊蔀椤岸�義我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的詞匯之一”,。

Post-truth, which has become associated with the phrase "post-truth politics", was chosen ahead of other political terms, including "Brexiteer" and "alt-right".
Post-truth（后真相）經(jīng)常跟post-truth politics（后真相政治）一起出現(xiàn),，此次評(píng)選中被甩在后面的其他政治詞匯有Brexiteer（脫歐支持者）和alt-right（另類右翼）。

Oxford Dictionaries says post-truth is thought to have been first used in 1992.
《牛津詞典》表示,，post-truth這個(gè)詞首次使用是在1992年,。

However, it says the frequency of its usage increased by 2,000% in 2016 compared with last year, coinciding with the EU referendum and the campaign for the White House in the US.
不過，詞典表示,，這個(gè)詞在2016年的使用率比上一年增長了2000%,，而今年正好是脫歐公投和美國總統(tǒng)大選之年。

Mr Grathwohl said: "Fuelled by the rise of social media as a news source and a growing distrust of facts offered up by the establishment, post-truth as a concept has been finding its linguistic footing for some time," he said.
Grathwohl先生說：“隨著社交媒體崛起成為新聞來源,，同時(shí)人們對(duì)主流機(jī)構(gòu)提供的事實(shí)越發(fā)不信任,，post-truth這個(gè)理念的語言學(xué)根基其實(shí)已經(jīng)形成一段時(shí)間了,。”

"We first saw the frequency really spike this year in June with buzz over the Brexit vote and again in July when Donald Trump secured the Republican presidential nomination.
“我們最開始注意到這個(gè)詞使用頻率暴增是在今年6月英國脫歐公投期間,，后來7月份,，特朗普被確定為共和黨總統(tǒng)候選人時(shí)使用頻率再次明顯增加�,！�

"Given that usage of the term hasn't shown any signs of slowing down, I wouldn't be surprised if post-truth becomes one of the defining words of our time."
“鑒于目前這個(gè)詞的使用頻率還沒有降低的跡象,，post-truth最終成為定義我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的詞匯之一，我也不會(huì)覺得奇怪,�,！�

柳葉眉的柳葉刀

2016年其他入選詞匯

Adulting：像一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的成年人一樣行為處事，尤其是完成一些單調(diào)但必要的任務(wù)

Alt-right：完整的拼寫方式為alternative right,，即“另類右翼”,，持有極端保守或反對(duì)變革觀點(diǎn)的意識(shí)形態(tài)組織，主要特點(diǎn)是反對(duì)主流政治,，通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體故意散布有爭議的內(nèi)容

Brexiteer ：英國脫歐支持者

Chatbot：聊天機(jī)器人

Coulrophobia：小丑恐懼癥

Glass cliff：玻璃懸崖,，指女性或少數(shù)族裔在頗具挑戰(zhàn)的情形下升到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層職位，工作過程中遭遇失敗的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高

Hygge：舒適愜意,，這個(gè)詞讀作[heu-gah],，是丹麥文化的一個(gè)重要特點(diǎn)，描述的是生活舒適滿足的狀態(tài)

Latinx：拉美移民或后裔,，這個(gè)詞是Latino或Latina的中性拼寫方式

Woke：警示社會(huì)中的不公平行為,，尤指種族主義，最初多在非洲裔美國人當(dāng)中使用

英文來源：BBC
翻譯：馬文英
編審：yaning（中國日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)）