雙語：愚人節(jié)的歷史你知道嗎

安妮的仙境

　　4月1日是愚人節(jié)，許多國家的人都會在這一天戲弄自己的朋友為樂,，被戲弄的人也不會當真,，但是你知道愚人節(jié)的起源和歷史嗎？

　　April Fools’ Day, sometimes called All Fools’ Day, is one of the most light-hearted days of the year. Its origins are uncertain. Some see it as a celebration related to the turn of the seasons, while others believe it stems from the adoption of a new calendar.

　　愚人節(jié)（April Fools’ Day）有時又被稱為“萬愚節(jié)”,，是一年中最無憂無慮的日子,。愚人節(jié)的起源沒有一個定論。一些人認為這是一個和季節(jié)交替有關的節(jié)日,，而其他人則認為愚人節(jié)起源于新歷法的采用。

　　New Year’s Day Moves

　　1,、元旦日期變動,。

　　Ancient cultures, including those of the Romans and Hindus, celebrated New Year’s Day on or around April 1. It closely follows the vernal equinox (March 20th or March 21st). In medieval times, much of Europe celebrated March 25, the Feast of Annunciation, as the beginning of the new year.

　　在包括古羅馬和古印度在內(nèi)的一些古文化中，人們一般都在4月1日左右慶祝新年,，這時春分（3月20日或21日）剛剛過去不久,。中世紀時，歐洲許多地區(qū)都會在3月25日這一天慶�,！疤焓箞笙补�(jié)（Annunciation）”,，并將其作為新一年的開始。

　　In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII ordered a new calendar (the Gregorian Calendar) to replace the old Julian Calendar. The new calendar called for New Year’s Day to be celebrated Jan. 1. That year, France adopted the reformed calendar and shifted New Year’s day to Jan. 1. According to a popular explanation, many people either refused to accept the new date, or did not learn about it, and continued to celebrate New Year’s Day on April 1. Other people began to make fun of these traditionalists, sending them on "fool’s errands" or trying to trick them into believing something false. Eventually, the practice spread throughout Europe.

　　1582年,，教皇格列高利十三世下令用一個新歷法（格列高利歷法）來代替舊的羅馬歷,。新歷法將元旦定于1月1日。根據(jù)一個流行的解釋,，當時許多人要么拒絕接受新歷法,、要么就根本不知道有這一回事兒，因此就繼續(xù)在4月1日那一天慶祝新年,。其他人就開始取笑這些守舊者,，派他們?nèi)プ鲆恍�“愚人的差事”、或者哄騙他們相信一些錯誤的東西,。最終這種作法傳遍了整個歐洲,。

　　Constantine and Kugel

　　2、君士坦丁和庫戈爾,。

　　Another explanation of the origins of April Fools’ Day was provided by Joseph Boskin, a professor of history at Boston University. He explained that the practice began during the reign of Constantine, when a group of court jesters and fools told the Roman emperor that they could do a better job of running the empire. Constantine, amused, allowed a jester named Kugel to be king for one day. Kugel passed an edict calling for absurdity on that day, and the custom became an annual event.

　　波士頓大學歷史學教授約瑟夫.博斯金提出了愚人節(jié)起源的另一種解釋,。他解釋稱愚人節(jié)在君士坦丁時期開始流行起來，當時一群宮廷小丑和弄臣對這位羅馬皇帝說，在管理帝國方面他們能做得更好,。君士坦丁覺得很有趣,，于是就允許一個叫庫戈爾的弄臣當了一天的國王。庫戈爾在那一天通過了一份名為《荒謬》的法令,，而此后這一習俗就成為了一年一度的盛事,。

　　"In a way," explained Prof. Boskin, "it was a very serious day. In those times fools were really wise men. It was the role of jesters to put things in perspective with humor."

　　博斯金教授解釋稱：“在某種程度上，這是非常嚴肅的一天,。在那個時代,，小丑其實是非常有智慧的人。是因為弄臣這個角色把整個事件都幽默化了,�,！�

　　This explanation was brought to the public’s attention in an Associated Press article printed by many newspapers in 1983. There was only one catch: Boskin made the whole thing up. It took a couple of weeks for the AP to realize that they’d been victims of an April Fools’ joke themselves.

　　1983年多家報社轉載了美聯(lián)社的這篇文章，之后這個解釋就引起了公眾的注意,。但是卻有一個問題：整件事其實都是博斯金編造的,！美聯(lián)社花了好幾周才意識到，這一切原來只是博斯金的愚人節(jié)把戲,！

安妮的仙境

　　Spring Fever

　　3,、春日狂歡。

　　It is worth noting that many different cultures have had days of foolishness around the start of April, give or take a couple of weeks. The Romans had a festival named Hilaria on March 25, rejoicing in the resurrection of Attis. The Hindu calendar has Holi, and the Jewish calendar has Purim. Perhaps there’s something about the time of year, with its turn from winter to spring, that lends itself to lighthearted celebrations.

　　值得注意的是,，許多不同文化都在4月初前后有愚弄人的節(jié)日,，它們往往歷時幾天或幾周。羅馬人在3月25日有一個名為“嬉樂節(jié)（Hilaria）”的節(jié)日,，在這一天歡慶神祇阿提斯的復活,。印度教歷法里有胡里節(jié)，猶太教歷法里有普林節(jié),。也許這些節(jié)日的起源還和時間有關系,，因為正直冬春交替的日子，所以人們就在這時候來一場輕松愉快的慶�,；顒�,。

　　Observances Around the World

　　4、世界各地的愚人節(jié)慶�,；顒�,。

　　April Fools’ Day is observed throughout the Western world. Practices include sending someone on a "fool’s errand," looking for things that don’t exist; playing pranks; and trying to get people to believe ridiculous things.

　　整個西方世界都會過愚人節(jié)。一般的作法包括讓某人去做“愚人的差事”——讓他尋找某些不存在的東西,、惡作劇,、或者哄騙別人相信荒誕不經(jīng)的事情。

　　The French call April 1 Poisson d’Avril, or "April Fish." French children sometimes tape a picture of a fish on the back of their schoolmates, crying "Poisson d’Avril" when the prank is discovered.

　　法國人稱呼愚人節(jié)為“魚人節(jié)（Poisson d’Avril）”,。法國孩子們有時會在同學的背后貼一張魚的圖片,，當惡作劇被發(fā)現(xiàn)之后就大喊“魚人節(jié)”。(愛語吧)