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2017-5-4 16:10 上傳
《紅樓夢(mèng)》是一部古典文學(xué)名著,,研讀《紅樓夢(mèng)》英譯本,,不但利于英文讀者了解中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化,也為中國(guó)的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者和翻譯愛(ài)好者提供了不可多得的學(xué)習(xí)素材,。一個(gè)小小的“笑”,,便大有乾坤。
翻譯“笑”,,能有幾種譯法,?最為常見(jiàn)的為“l(fā)augh”或“smile”。但一個(gè)“笑”,,單在中文里就有諸多衍生“大笑”,、“偷笑”、“竊笑”,、“咯咯笑”,、“皮笑肉不笑”等等。英文同樣如此,,常見(jiàn)的關(guān)于笑的單詞有:beam,, chortle, chuckle,, cackle,, giggle, grin,, laugh,, smile, snigger,, titter等,。
例1、 賈母笑道:“你不認(rèn)得他,,他是我們這里有名的一個(gè)潑皮破落戶兒,,南省俗謂作辣子,你只叫他鳳辣子就是了,�,!� 譯文:“You don’t know her yet。 ” The Lady Dowager chuckled。 “She’s the terror of this house,。 In the south they’d call her Hot Pepper,。 Just call her Fiery Phoenix�,!� 解析:chuckle:laugh quietly or inwardly,,是有面部動(dòng)作,低聲,,開(kāi)心地笑,。這句是賈母向林黛玉介紹王熙鳳時(shí)的語(yǔ)言,當(dāng)時(shí)的心情是開(kāi)心的,。賈母形容王熙鳳看似貶低實(shí)則確實(shí)褒揚(yáng),,也體現(xiàn)了賈母和王熙鳳之間比較親近的關(guān)系。
例2,、寶玉笑道:“你倒比先越發(fā)出息了,倒象我的兒子,�,!辟Z璉笑道:“好不害臊!人家比你大四五歲呢,,就替你作兒子了,?” 譯文:“You’ve grown very handsome since I saw you last�,!盤ao-yu grinned,。 “You could almost be my son�,!� “For shame,!” Chia Lien chortled。 “ Your son,? He’s four or five years older than you,。” 解析:grin: smile broadly,, especially in an unrestrained manner and with the mouth open,, 是有面部表情,不發(fā)聲,,露齒而笑,。chortle:laugh in a breathy, gleeful way,,是有面部表情,,開(kāi)懷大笑。原文賈蕓最伶俐乖覺(jué),聽(tīng)寶玉這樣說(shuō),,便有心攀附,,認(rèn)寶玉為父也無(wú)妨。寶玉笑道時(shí),,譯者選用“grin”表明寶玉只是開(kāi)個(gè)小玩笑,,不甚在意。而賈璉笑時(shí),,則選用“chortle”,,賈璉何嘗不知道賈蕓的小心思,卻沒(méi)有點(diǎn)破,,用玩笑的方式回應(yīng),。
例3、 劉姥姥也笑道:“我們莊稼人,,不過(guò)是現(xiàn)成的本色,,眾位別笑�,!兵x鴦道:“中間‘三四’綠配紅,。”劉姥姥道:“大伙燒了毛毛蟲(chóng),�,!北娙诵Φ溃骸斑@是有的,還說(shuō)你的本色,�,!� 譯文:“We country people can only talk about the things we know,” said Granny Liu,, laughing herself,。 “You mustn’t make fun of me�,!� Yuan-yang continued,, “‘Three and four,’ green and red,, in the center,。” “A big fire burns the hairy caterpillar,�,!� The others chortled, “That’s right,。 Go on in your own way,。” 解析:laugh: make the spontaneous sounds and movements of the face and body that are the instinctive expressions of lively amusement and sometimes also of contempt or derision, 有面部表情,,有聲音地大笑,。劉姥姥是鄉(xiāng)下人,言行舉止沒(méi)有那么多規(guī)矩,,此處用“l(fā)augh”十分符合個(gè)人身份,。而眾人笑道,選用“chortle”,,是被劉姥姥惹笑了,。
例4、 周瑞家的道:“我的娘,,你見(jiàn)了他,,怎么倒不會(huì)說(shuō)了,開(kāi)口就是你侄兒,?我說(shuō)句不怕你惱的話,,便是親侄兒,也要說(shuō)和軟些,。那蓉大爺才是他的正緊侄兒呢,,他怎么又跑出這么個(gè)侄兒來(lái)了?”劉姥姥笑道:“我的嫂子,,我見(jiàn)了他,心眼兒愛(ài)還愛(ài)不過(guò)來(lái),,哪里還說(shuō)的上話來(lái)了,?” 譯文:“Gracious me!” exclaimed Mrs,。 Chou,。 “What possessed you when you saw her to keep on about ‘your nephew’? At the risk of offending you I must say this: Even if he were a real nephew you should have glossed it over,。 Master Jung,, now, he’s her honest-to-goodness nephew – where would she get a nephew like Pan-erh,?” “My dear sister,!” Granny Liu beamed。 “I was struck all of a heap at sight of her and didn’t know what I was saying,�,!� 解析:beam:smile radiantly, 有面部表情,,卻沒(méi)有聲音地笑,。此處劉姥姥因之前說(shuō)了逾矩的話,所以笑聲減弱,但內(nèi)心仍然十分歡喜,,所以此處使用“beam”十分恰當(dāng),。 來(lái)源:滬江英語(yǔ) |