雙語(yǔ)：心理學(xué)家如何看待“網(wǎng)絡(luò)噴子”,？

柳葉眉的柳葉刀

心理學(xué)家如何看待“網(wǎng)絡(luò)噴子”

　　What is it with people’s behavior online? Why the readiness to attack, the snarky tone, the lack of courtesy inherent to so many comments?

　　人們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上是怎么回事？為什么時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備好攻擊別人,？為什么這么多的評(píng)論都尖酸刻薄,、沒有教養(yǎng)？

　　The internet can bring out the worst in people, which when taken to extremes turns into trolling—that bizarre impulsive habit of hurting others online, without consequence.

　　互聯(lián)網(wǎng)能讓人展現(xiàn)出自己最惡劣的一面,，其中的極端情況就是網(wǎng)絡(luò)暴力——這是一種不明就里的沖動(dòng),，讓人想在網(wǎng)上不顧后果地傷害別人。

　　Using an online questionnaire, the researchers at the School of Health Science and Psychology at Federation University tested 415 men and women for a range of personality traits, as well as for online behavior that indicated a propensity to troll.

　　聯(lián)邦大學(xué)健康科學(xué)及心理學(xué)學(xué)院的研究人員,，通過(guò)一份網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查問(wèn)卷,，對(duì)415名男男女女進(jìn)行了關(guān)于一系列人格特質(zhì)的測(cè)試，同時(shí)也測(cè)試了一些能表明出網(wǎng)絡(luò)暴力傾向的行為,。

　　The researchers were looking for particular traits including social skills, psychopathy, sadism, and two types of empathy: affective and cognitive.

　　研究人員尋找的特質(zhì)包括社交技巧,、心理變態(tài)、虐待欲,，以及兩種同理心——情感性同理心和認(rèn)知性同理心,。

　　Having high cognitive empathy simply means they can understand others’ emotions.

　　認(rèn)知性同理心很高，意味著這些人能理解別人的感情,。

　　Having high affective empathy means a person can experience, internalize, and respond to those emotions.

　　情感性同理心很高,，則意味著一個(gè)人能夠體會(huì)、內(nèi)化這些感情,，并對(duì)它們做出反應(yīng),。

　　The “trolls” in the study scored higher than average on two traits: psychopathy and cognitive empathy.

　　實(shí)驗(yàn)中的“噴子們”在兩項(xiàng)特質(zhì)上比一般人的得分高：心理變態(tài)和認(rèn)知性同理心。

　　So even though “trolls” exhibit one kind of empathy, coupling it with psychopathy ultimately makes them nasty, the researchers suggested.

　　所以,，研究者指出,，雖然“噴子們”表現(xiàn)出其中一種同理心，但它和心理變態(tài)結(jié)合起來(lái)卻最終讓這些人變得很惡劣,。

　　Psychopathy includes a lack of care for others’ feelings.

　　心理變態(tài)這一點(diǎn)包括“不在乎別人的感受,。”

　　High levels of cognitive empathy make these people adept at recognizing what will upset someone, and knowing when they’ve pushed the right buttons.

　　高水平的認(rèn)知性同理心,，讓這些人很擅長(zhǎng)找出哪些行為能惹惱一個(gè)人,，也讓他們能知道自己何時(shí)達(dá)到了目的,。

　　The lack of affective empathy allows trolls not to experience or internalize the emotional experience of their victims.

　　而低水平的情感性同理心，讓噴子們不用體會(huì)和內(nèi)化受害者的感受,。

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